Eddy current testing eddy current testing is particularly well suited for detecting surface cracks but can also be used to make electrical conductivity and coating thickness measurements. Typically, the methods used are ultrasonics, radiography, magnetic particle, eddy current, dye penetrant and visual methods. Each individual coil produces a signal relative to the phase and amplitude of the structure below it. Eddy current ec testing is a no contact method for the inspection of metallic parts. This important and growing industry is involved in applying these. Nondestructive testing ndt open access archive, database, conference proceedings, journal articles, news, products, services. Monday, february 17, 2020 thursday, february 20, 2020. However, there are six ndt methods that are used most often. An eddy current test system closely approximates a transformer.
Eddycurrent testing is one of many electromagnetic testing methods used in nondestructive testing ndt making use of electromagnetic induction to detect and. Specimens magnetic and electrical effects, and basic electrical. This data is referenced to an encoded position and time and. A brief description of ndt techniques page 3 1 introduction nondestructive testing is one part of the function of quality control and is complementary to other long established methods. The eddy current method is widely used to inspect metallic aircraft components for surface cracks and corrosion damage. The zetec resource library is a result of 50 years of indepth nondestructive testing ndt experience and insights. Oct 08, 20 eddy current testing is one of the many nondestructive testing ndt methods. Eddy current inspection et is one of several ndt methods that use the principal of electromagnetism as the basis for conducting examinations. Nondestructive testing ndt is a mechanism used by engineers to detect defects in materials and structures, either during manufacturing or while in service. May 10, 2009 however, there are six ndt methods that are used most often. Eddy current testing is a widely used ndt method in aircraft maintenance.
By convention, the direction of a magnetic line of force is represented by an arrow on a. Ndt is used across industries such as aerospace, oil and gas, nuclear, power generation, medical. Eddy current testing can be used on all electrically conducting materials with a reasonably smooth surface. Nondestructive testing ndt view programme overview. Finally, there is no intention of making the student a polished ndt technician. Ndt nondestructive testing, ultrasonic, eddy current. Eddy current testing equipment performs three basic functions. Eddycurrent testing is one of many electromagnetic testing methods used in nondestructive testing making use of electromagnetic induction to detect and characterize surface and subsurface flaws in conductive materials. Eddy current testing is now a widely used and wellunderstood inspection technique for flaw detection as well as for thickness and conductivity measurements. In eddy current testing et, a coil carrying an ac current is placed close to the specimen surface, or around the specimen.
Eddy current techniques in ndeeddy current techniques in nde lalita udpa nondestructive evaluation laboratory department of electrical and computer engineering miccg s euvesyhigan state university east lansing, mi 48824 wcndt p f w k h d b a il 15 2012wcndt preconference workshop, durban, april 15, 2012. Eddy current inspection is one of several ndt methods that use the principal of electromagnetism as the basis for conducting examinations. Rao nondestructive evaluation division metallurgy and materials group indira gandhi center for atomic research kalpakkam 603 102, tn, india email. Eddy current testing uses electromagnetic induction to detect flaws in conductive materials. This paper discusses the science behind eddy current and remote field testing, how they differ and which one to select depending on the situation. Fundamentals of eddy current testing download ebook pdf. Eddy current testing is a nondestructive testing method widely used to examine tubing in heat exchangers, steam generators, condensers, air coolers and feedwater heaters. Jul 29, 2015 a step by step guide to performing a high frequency eddy current ndt inspection on aluminium aluminum. We have the most extensive experience, and we develop the highest quality ect inspection products. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Nondestructive testing solutions and technologies eddyfi. In its most basic form the singleelement eddy current testing probe a copper wire is excited with an alternating electrical current. The current generates a magnetic field around the coil. Uniwests products are engineered with the end user in mind.
The largest portal of nondestructive testing ndt open access archive, conference proceedings, journal articles, news, products, services. Eddy current testing of tubes is an effective way of assessing the condition and lifespan of tubes, particularly in the power generation, petrochemical, chemical, fertilizer. Eddy current testing ect eddy current testing is an electromagnetic testing technique usually used to inspect nonferromagnetic materials. Zetec will be featured in trainings, workshops and technical presentations at the ipeia international. It uses electrical currents generated in a conductive material by an induced magnetic field to detect. It can detect very small cracks in or near the surface of the material. Since eddy current ec equipment is often portable, immediate results are available and minimum part preparation is required. These methods are visual inspection, penetrant testing, magnetic particle testing, electromagnetic or eddy current testing, radiography, and ultrasonic testing. Eddy current testing is a modern nondestructive testing ndt method and prime tool in controlling quality of components for aerospace, automotive, heat exchanger tubes, pipes for oil, gas and structural applications at various stages of manufacturing and inservice inspections for surface and subsurface crack testing. A step by step guide to performing a high frequency eddy current ndt inspection on aluminium aluminum.
An introduction to eddy current testing theory and technology joseph m. The eddy current testing programmed instruction series is two volumes which provide the background material you will need before you perform actual eddy current testing. Understand the theory and principles upon which eddy current testing et examination is based. These methods and a few others are briefly described below. Available from the national technical information service. Eddycurrent testing uses electromagnetic induction to detect flaws in conductive materials. In fact, many ndt per sonnel were still struggling to catch up with the artof eddycurrent testing at. Introduction basic principles history of et present state of et. Chapter 5 basic electrical concepts related to eddy current testing. Eddy current testing inspection ec is a highlyversatile branch of nondestructive testing ndt that is sensitive to small cracks and is able to detect surface and nearsurface defects. Buckley, formerly of hocking ndt introduction scope this document is intended as a brief familiarisation course for hocking ndts customers and sales representatives. The sensors, electronic gadgets, and computer projects to pursue, investigate and translate the information are the new difficulties in the ndt.
Twis nondestructive testing ndt training courses give you a comprehensive understanding of the processes where tests are conducted on a component without destroying the item or its structure. The applicability of hts squid magnetometers to aircraft testing has been demonstrated by kreutzbruck et al. The course will teach you about eddy current testing of various components depending which sector is selected. Depending on the tube material, the best non destructive testing method to employ would be either eddy current testing, remote field testing or other variations of these electromagnetic techniques. Our eddyfi peca hr probe was recently put to the test and the results even surprised our own team. Zetec is the industry leader for costeffective eddy current testing ect in complex applications.
While fulfilling total ndt experience requirement, experience may be gained in more than one 1 method. Eddy current testing equipment contains a conductive metal coil which is electrified with an alternating current. Certification is currently available in the following sectors. Here a small surface probe is scanned over the part surface in an attempt to detect a crack. In this approximation, what would the secondary coil be represented by. Pdf pulsed eddy current nondestructive testing and.
The current in the coil generates circulating eddy currents in the specimen close to the surface and these in turn affect the current in the coil by mutual induction. Magnetic field induces currents eddy currents in test specimen. The physics properties of electricity current flow & ohms law induction & inductance. This wire produces a magnetic field around itself in the direction ascertained by the righthand rule. Nondestructive techniques based on eddy current testing mdpi. Non destructive testing eddy current testing, wirbelstrom. Zetec serves as single source for eddy current and ultrasonic nondestructive testing ndt products that deliver results. The common standard used to perform eddy current inspections on aluminum components within the air force unless otherwise specified by the cognizant weapon system engineering authority. Parts capable of inducing current are put in contact or near a probe that emits electromagnetic currents through the part. Eddy current ndt uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to detect discontinuities in conductive materials. Eddy current techniques in ndeeddy current techniques in nde lalita udpa nondestructive evaluation laboratory department of electrical and computer engineering miccg s euvesyhigan state university east lansing, mi 48824 wcndt p f w k h d b a il 15 2012wcndt preconference workshop.
It is intended for manual testing by eddy current technique for the presence of surface and subsurface defects, such as discontinuity of the material cracks, overlaps, holes, fine cracks, etc. Other electromagnetic inspection methods include magnetic flux leakage, conventional eddy current and alternating current field measurement testing. Eddy current testing ect is one of many electromagnetic testing methods used in nondestructive testing ndt making use of electromagnetic induction to detect and characterize surface and subsurface flaws in conductive materials. Eddy current nde is commonly used in the inspection of conducting samples. Eddy current technique is an important electromagnetic non. Pdf nondestructive techniques are used widely in the metal industry in order to control the quality of materials. Eddy current testing inspection ec is a highlyversatile branch of nondestructive testing ndt that is sensitive to small cracks and is able to detect surface and nearsurface defects since eddy current ec equipment is often portable, immediate results are available and minimum part preparation is required. Eddy current technique ect is one of ndt techniques used for steel inspection. Successful completion of these two volumes is dependent on prior completion of 5330.
Nondestructive testing ndt of new and aging aircraft structures is essential for flight safety and for keeping inspection costs low. Astm e3052 standard practice for examination of carbon steel welds using eddy current array. The use of ect in steel inspection is generally, however, limited due to skin effect and magnetic property. Well known methods include xray and ultrasonic testing. Eddy current testing is one of the most extensively used nondestructive techniques for. Click download or read online button to get fundamentals of eddy current testing book now. By definition nondestructive testing is the testing of materials, for surface or internal. Pdf nondestructive techniques based on eddy current testing. Responsibilities of an eddy current testing level 1 certified ndt professional an individual certified to eddy current testing level 1 has demonstrated competence to carry out eddy current testing according to written instructions and under the supervision of level 2 or level 3 personnel. High quality eddy current testing solutions for complete inspections. Nondestructive techniques based on eddy current testing. Buckley pdf, 429 kb eddy current testing at level 2, international atomic energy agency, vienna, 2011 pdf 5. We offer a variety of pulsed eddy current pec and pulsed eddy current array peca probes to meet the toughest challenges of your critical structure inspections. Simulation of 3d eddy current testing of tubes with.
It is not intended as a complete theoretical course in eddy. The generating portion of the unit provides an alternating current to the test coil creating eddy. Eddy current is a non destructive testing method for the inspection of discontinuities located on or near the surface of articles. Eddy current technique is an important electromagnetic nondestructive evaluation technique. With the excpetion of the first paper, an overview of eddy current testing by.
It is intended for manual testing by eddy current technique for the presence of surface and subsurface defects, such as discontinuity of the material cracks, overlaps, holes, fine. Nondestructive testing eddy current basic principles. Eddy current testing is one of the many nondestructive testing ndt methods. The test equipment consists of a generator ac power supply, a test coil and recording equipment, e. An introduction to eddy current testing from the ndendt resource center. The vallourec group is one of the world leading manufacturers of metallic tubes and realises 20 % of ndt during manufacturing with ect units. Several other methods such as remote field testing rft, flux leakage and barkhausen noise also use this principle. Eddy current testing can be used in applications other than flaw detection. Eddy current array testing, or eca, is a technology that provides the ability to simultaneously use multiple eddy current coils that are placed side by side in the same probe assembly. The science behind eddy current and remote field testing.
Eddy current testing permits crack detection in a large variety of conductive materials, either ferromagnetic or nonferromagnetic, whereas other nondestructive techniques such as the magnetic particle method are limited to ferromagnetic metals. Eddy currents are fields of alternating magnetic current that are created when an alternatin. Eddy current inspection by ecworks ecworks originates from the oldest branch roots in germany and is specialised in the ndtservices business. Figures 447 through 449 eddy current standard, nsn 6635010925129, pn 794747910. Remote field testing or rft is one of several electromagnetic testing methods commonly employed in the field of nondestructive testing.
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